V.M. Belskyi, RARE EARTH SILICATE FROM EFUSIVE ROCK OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS
https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.48.02.031
UDC 549.619:546.65 (292.451./454)
RARE EARTH SILICATE FROM EFUSIVE ROCK OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS
V.M. Belskyi 1, PhD (Geology), Senior Research Fellow
E-mail: belskyi_vm@gmail.com; orcid: 0000-0001-7990-1386
H.O. Kulchytska 1, DrSc (Geology), Chief Research Fellow
E-mail: kulchec@ukr.net; orcid: 0000-0002-7206-4797
K.I. Hoholev 1, PhD (Geology), Junior Research Fellow
E-mail: skalpel2008@ukr.net; orcid: 0000-0002-7727-9965
V.Ya. Hyshchyn 2, Master of Geology
E-mail: terranautvg@gmail.com; orcid: 0009-0009-7612-9672
Ye.B. Poliachenko 3, PhD (Geology), Senior Research Fellow
E-mail: poliachenkoib@gmail.com; orcid: 0000-0002-3316-4605
1 M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv
2 Ukrainian Mineralogical Society, Kyiv
3 S.I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Language: Ukrainian
Mineralogical journal 2026, 48 (2): 31-41
Abstract: The Carpathian region is very poor in rare earth minerals. Until now, only Ce and Y phosphates were known in ancient rocks of the Marmarosh massif. The discovery of silicate from the epidote supergroup in the spilitized Mesozoic (J3-K1) basalts of the Chyvchyn suite was the first in the Ukrainian Carpathians. A characteristic feature of the basalts according to X-ray fluorescence analysis is the content of REE and Co above the Clark content and an increased content of other rare elements — Ba, Sr, Zr, Cr, Rb. According to the results of microprobe chemical analyses, the mineral was identified as allanite-(Ce) with a deficiency of REE and Fe, which are compensated by Ca and Al, respectively. Allanite in paragenesis with quartz (chalcedony), titanite magnetite, calcite and chlorite forms reniform aggregates up to 100 μm in size, confined to the contact zone of the effusive with the xenolith of the terrigenous-carbonate rock, near the calcite vein. Microscopic brownish-brown individuals of allanite (10-20 μm) in aggregates are anisotropic, weakly pleochroic. The average composition of the mineral according to eight measurements corresponds to the formula Ca1.48REE0.46Al2.26Fe0.74Si3.07O12(OH). The mineral was formed as a result of the interaction of basaltic magma (probably alkaline specialization) with terrigenous-carbonate rock under conditions of greenschist metamorphism, closer to epidote-amphibolite (300-500°C). It was assumed that the reniformshape of the aggregates is inherited from organogenic residues in limestones. The liquation hypothesis, which is based on the formation of separated spherical drops of silicate-carbonate melt as a result of the interaction of basaltic lava with limestone, seems more likely. Allanite in paragenesis with other minerals is the result of crystallization of this melt. The liquation hypothesis of the formation of reniform aggregates is consistent with visual facts, in particular with the shape and distribution of aggregates, similar mineral composition, zonal structure, etc. The discovery of allanite among the basalts of the Chyvchyn suite enriched in rare elements opens up the prospect of searching for other minerals with these elements.
Keywords: allanite-(Ce), reniform aggregates, Chyvchyn suite, liquation.
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