N.O. Kryuchenko, GEOCHEMICAL FACTORS OF FLUORINE MIGRATION IN THE ROCK — SOIL SYSTEM WITHIN THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES OF TRANSCARPATHIA
https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.48.03.072
UDC 550.4:546.16(477.87)
GEOCHEMICAL FACTORS OF FLUORINE MIGRATION
IN THE ROCK — SOIL SYSTEM WITHIN THE
GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES OF TRANSCARPATHIA
N.O. Kryuchenko 1, DrSc (Geology), Prof., Head of Department
E-mail: nataliya.kryuchenko@gmail.com; orcid: 0000-0001-8774-9089
E.Ya. Zhovinsky 1, DrSc (Geology and Mineralogy), Prof., Corresp. Member of NAS of Ukraine
E-mail: zhovinsky@ukr.net; orcid: 0000-0003-1601-5998
P.S. Paparуga 2, PhD (Geology), Senior Research Fellow, Head of the Laboratory
Е-mail: paparyga.ps@ukr.net; orcid: 0000-0002-4021-0809
1 M.P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of the NAS of Ukraine
34, Acad. Palladin Ave., Kyiv, Ukraine, 03142
2 Carpathian Biosphere Reserve of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine
77, Red Pleso Str., Rakhiv, Ukraine, 90600
Language: Ukrainian
Mineralogical journal 2026, 48 (3): 72-83
Abstract: The fluorine content in rocks, biotites, and soils of key areas in Transcarpathia has been determined. The description of the Vyhorlat-Hutyn ridge, the Berehove hills, and the Vyshkovo massif is based on the analysis of well-known literature sources (including our own research data), while the results of the mineral composition and fluorine content analysis in the sedimentary rocks of the Marmaros, Chornohora, and Svydovets massifs were obtained by the authors during the 2023—2025 field expedition seasons. The research methodology relied on fluorine determination and a comparative geochemical analysis of total and mobile fluorine forms. A spatial differentiation of geochemical parameters evaluated along a sequential chain was established: fluorine content in the parent rock and its concentration in biotite (%), as well as total and mobile fluorine forms (mg/kg) in the soil profile. The highest accumulation levels were recorded in the acid effusives (rhyolites and tuffs) of the Berehove hills, where these parameters reach 0.08%, 0.60%, 800 mg/kg, and 3 mg/kg, respectively. Moderate accumulation intensity is characteristic of the andesite-dacites of the Vyshkovo massif (0.05%, 0.45%, 550 mg/kg, and 2 mg/kg, respectively), while for the andesite-basalts of the Vyhorlat-Hutyn ridge, the values are 0.04%, 0.32%, 400 mg/kg, and 1 mg/kg, respectively. The calculated concentration coefficient (Kк) demonstrated that biotite accumulates fluorine 7.5 to 13 times more intensively than the parent rock. The calculation of the fluorine mobility coefficient (Kp) in the soils of Transcarpathia showed that its highest values (0.41—0.43%) are confined to the acidic volcanic massifs of the lowlands (Berehove hills and Vyshkovo massif, pH 4.5—5.5). Conversely, in the highlands (Chornohora, Svydovets, and Marmaros massifs), the migration capacity of the element drops to a minimum (0.27—0.30%) due to sorptive retention by clay-humus complexes under strongly acidic conditions (pH 4.0) or as a result of calcium precipitation on the alkaline barrier of limestones at pH 7.0—7.5. Based on the calculation of the total fluorine stock (Q), a threefold differentiation of the element accumulation in the soils of the region was established—ranging from maximum values in volcanic structures (2000 kg/ha) to minimum values in highland sedimentary strata (689—704 kg/ha), which is determined by the genesis of the parent rocks and the soil profile density. The revealed differentiation of fluorine stocks confirms the decisive role of the rock — soil system in shaping the ecological state of the region, where the mineralogical composition of rocks defines the accumulation potential, whereas the physicochemical properties and soil density determine the actual capacity of the environment to retain fluorine.
Keywords: fluorine, parent rocks, biotite, soil, fluorine stock, Transcarpathia.
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